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Facing Forward Series: Life After Cancer Treatment
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This publication covers post-treatment issues such as follow-up medical care, physical and emotional changes, changes in social relationships, and workplace issues.
Part of the Facing Forward Series for cancer survivors, family members, and medical professionals. The series is designed to educate and empower cancer survivors as they face the challenges associated with life after cancer treatment.
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| To order a hard copy, call the ACS National Cancer Information Center
at 1-800-ACS-2345, and ask for a copy of Facing Forward: Life After Cancer
Treatment, Publication No. 9522.00-HCP |
Printable version |
Your Social Relationships After
Cancer Treatment
Download a PDF version of Your Social Relationships After Cancer Treatment.
| Dealing with an illness like cancer can change your relationships with
the people in your life. It is normal to notice changes in the way you relate
to family, friends, and other people that you are around every day--and
the way they relate to you. |
This section talks about some of the issues cancer survivors face in relating
to family members, partners and dating, friends, and coworkers after treatment.
"My husband works a lot of hours .... He did not know there
was a dishwasher, a washing machine, or any of that, and I really did
not call on him during that time. You resent it in some ways."
Robin, uterine cancer survivor, 56
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Issues With Your Family
Even though treatment has ended, you may face problems with your family. For instance,
if you used to take care of the house or yard before your treatment, you may find
these jobs too much to handle after treatment has ended. Yet, family members who
took over for you may want life to go back to normal and have you do what you
used to do around the house. You may then get angry because you are not getting
the support you need.
"I think some marriages become stronger because of it. We've
had our rough spots, but we have never again taken each other for granted."
Darryl, multiple myeloma survivor, 74
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Other times, you may expect more of your family than you receive. They disappoint
you, and it can also make you angry. For one woman, it was a family member's lack
of support during her treatment. "Never once, not a card, not a phone call,
and I have a hard time looking at her today."
You may see your role as taking care of others, not being taken care of, yet you
may need to depend on others during this time. You may resent it and get angry
at those who are just trying to help. You may not know how to talk to your children
or grandchildren about your cancer.
When treatment ends, families often are not prepared for the fact that recovery
takes time. In general, your recovery will take much longer than your treatment
did. Survivors often say that they didn't realize the time they needed to recover.
This can lead to disappointment, worry, and frustration for everyone. Families
also may not realize that the way the family works may have changed permanently
as a result of cancer. They may need help to deal with the changes and keep the
"new" family from falling apart.
Now That I've Had Cancer, What Do My Family Members Need to Know About
Their Risks?
 You may
fear that passing your genes on to your children means they will get cancer.
One woman felt guilty about getting cancer and what it might mean for her
family. "I have a daughter, and I'm sure she's blaming me for putting
her [at] risk."
It is important to know that most cancer is not passed down through families.
Only about 5 to 10 percent of the most common cancers (such as breast, colon,
prostate) are inherited. In most of the families that have inherited cancers,
researchers have found relatives who may have had:
- Cancer before they were 50 years old
- Different kinds of cancers
- Cancer in two of the same body parts (like both kidneys or both breasts)
- Other risk factors for cancer (such as colon polyps or skin moles)
If you think that your cancer may be inherited, talking with a cancer genetic
counselor can help answer your questions and those of your family. He or
she can also help you and your doctor decide on the medical care that you
and your family might need if a genetic link is found. Genetic testing can
determine if the cancers that occur in your family are due to genes or to
other factors. See Genetic
Counseling for ways to find genetic counselors. |
Getting Help With Family Issues
Some family members may have trouble adjusting to changes or feel that their needs
are not being met. Your family may want to deal with issues such as these on its
own, or you may want to consider getting outside help. Ask your doctor or social
worker to refer you to a counselor or therapist. An expert on family roles and
concerns after cancer treatment can help your family solve its problems.
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Tips: Dealing With Family Issues
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How do you cope with family issues? Here are some ideas that have helped others
deal with family concerns:
- Let others know what to expect of you as you heal--and what not to expect.
Do not feel you must keep the house or yard in perfect order because you always
did in the past. Let people know what you can and cannot do.
- Give yourself time. You and your family may be able to adjust over time
to the changes cancer brings. Just being open with each other can help ensure
that each person's needs are met.
- Help your children (or grandchildren) understand that you were treated
for cancer. Children of cancer survivors have said that these things are important:
- Being honest with them
- Speaking as directly and openly as possible
- Allowing them to become informed about your cancer and involved in
your recovery
- Spending extra time with them
With your permission, other family members should also be open with your children
about your cancer and its treatment.
Issues With Partners and Dating
"My boyfriend left. He is a wimp. He would not even touch
me, and never wanted to talk about my cancer. I wonder if I can ever trust
again."
Joyce, cervical cancer survivor, 40
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"Having cancer helped me find new ways of feeling close."
Arthur, bladder cancer survivor, 52
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Body changes and concerns about sex can affect the way you relate to your partner
or how you feel about dating. As you struggle to accept changes yourself, you
may also worry about how someone else will react to scars, ostomies, sexual problems,
and loss of fertility. Sexual problems can make feeling close even harder. Even
for a couple that has been together a long time, staying connected can be a major
challenge at first. It may be a comfort to learn that very few committed relationships
end because of ostomies, scars, or other body changes. Divorce rates are about
the same for people with and without a cancer history.
If you are single, you may wonder how and when to tell a new person in your life
about your cancer and body changes. Fear of being rejected keeps some people from
seeking the social life they would like to have. Others do not want to date and
prefer to be alone but may face pressure from friends or family to "be more sociable."
Getting Help With Partner and Dating Issues
If your concerns about sex or dating persist, think about seeing a sex therapist
or a counselor. He or she may be able to help you work through personal issues
and prepare you to talk with your partner or a new person in your life.
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Tips: Talking to Your Partner About Your Sexual Needs |
How do you talk to your partner about sex after cancer treatment? Here are
some ideas that have helped others:
Tell your partner how you feel about your sex life and what you would like to
change. You might tell him or her:
- What is happening with your sex life
- Your thoughts and beliefs about why your sex life is the way it is
- How it makes you feel--for example, scared, lonely, sad, or angry
- What would please you or make you feel better
This approach avoids blame, stays positive, and gives your significant other a
better sense about how you are feeling.
Here is an example of how you can talk to your partner:
- "We have made love only a few times since my cancer treatment (fact).
- I think it may be because my scars are a problem for you (your belief).
- When we do not have sex, I feel very lonely, and I miss being close
to you. Sometimes I also feel angry that cancer affects our sex life, too
(your feelings).
- I would feel much better if we had sex more often--and if it was your
idea more often (your needs)."
Listen to your partner's point of view:
- Repeat what he or she says in your own words to show you understand.
- Ask questions to show interest and caring.
- Show support. Say things like, "You seem worried," or "I'm sure
this is very hard for you."
- Listen. Focus on your partner's comments, not on what you plan to say in
response.
For more tips about intimacy and sexuality, see Intimacy and Sexuality.
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Tips: Dating After Cancer Treatment
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How do you start dating after cancer treatment? Here are some ideas that have
helped others:
- Start by working on other areas of your social life besides dating and
sex. Make an effort to see friends and family. Try a new activity. Join a
club. Take a class. These activities can increase your comfort level in being
around people.
- Make a list of your good points. Focus on what you bring to a relationship.
- Try not to let cancer be an excuse for not dating or trying to meet people.
- Do not tell a new date about your cancer right away. Wait until you feel
a sense of trust and friendship, but do not wait until you are about to have
sex.
- Practice what you will say to someone if you are worried about how you
will handle it. Think about how he or she might react, and be ready with a
response.
- Think about dating as a learning process with the goal of having a social
life you enjoy. Not every date has to be a "success." If some people reject
you (which can happen with or without cancer), you have not failed.
- Remember that not all dates "worked out" before you had cancer.
Issues at Your Workplace
Research shows that cancer survivors who continue to work are as productive on
the job as other workers. Most cancer survivors who are physically able to work
do go back to their jobs. Returning to work can help cancer survivors feel they
are getting back to the life they had before being diagnosed with cancer. 
Some cancer survivors may find themselves changing jobs after cancer treatment.
If you decide to look for a new job after cancer treatment, remember that you
do not need to try to do more--or settle for less--than you are able to handle.
If you have a résumé, list your jobs by the skills you have or what
you've done rather than by jobs and dates worked. This way, you don't highlight
the time you didn't work due to your cancer treatment.
Whether returning to their old jobs or beginning new ones, some survivors are
treated unfairly when they return to the workplace. Employers and employees may
have doubts about cancer survivors' ability to work. For more information on your
legal rights, see Employment
and Legal Rights.
NOTE:
You have no legal obligation to talk about your cancer history unless your
past health has a direct impact on the job you seek. |
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Tips: Handling Problems at Work
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Decide how to handle the problem.
- What you want to do?
- Do you still want to work there?
- Are you willing to take action to correct a problem?
- Would you rather look for a new job?
If necessary, ask your employer to adjust to your needs.
- Start by talking informally to your supervisor, personnel office, employee
assistance counselor, shop steward, or union representative.
- Ask for a change that would make it easier for you to keep your job (for
example, flex-time, working at home, special equipment at work).
- Document each request and its outcome for your records.
Get help working with your employer if you need it.
- Ask your doctor or nurse to find times for follow-up visits that don't
conflict with your other responsibilities.
- Get your doctor to write a letter to your employer or personnel officer
explaining how, if at all, your cancer may affect your work or your schedule.
- Contact your local cancer support organization, groups for disabled workers,
or the local bar association for names of qualified lawyers who specialize
in antidiscrimination law. (See Employment
and Legal Rights.)
Issues With Friends and Coworkers
"When people say you look great, don't you want to hit them?"
Alice, brain cancer survivor, 50
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The response of friends, coworkers, and/or people at school after your cancer
treatment can be a major source of anger, grief, or dismay. Some people mean well,
but they do not know the right thing to say. Maybe they just do not know how to
offer support. Others do not want to deal with your cancer at all, even though
it is still a daily challenge for you. "When you say the 'C' word, it just
turns [some people] right off, and [they] will mumble something and ... walk off,"
one survivor said.
Friends' and coworkers' seeming lack of support may be because they are anxious
for you or for themselves. Your cancer experience may threaten them because it
reminds them that cancer can happen to anyone. Try to understand their fears and
be patient as you try to regain a good relationship.
Many survivors say that acting cheerful around others for their comfort is a strain.
"I do not want to smile any more," one melanoma survivor said. "You
do not have the energy to put up with that." A prostate cancer survivor noted
that: "You know if you complain sometimes, for some people, it turns them off.
So I try not to do that."
As survivors sort out what matters most, they may even decide to let some weak
friendships go to give more time to the strong ones. One brain cancer survivor
found that after cancer, "You really know how many true friends you've got.
And they do not stop calling just because they hear you're in remission. They
really love you and think something of you." A kidney cancer survivor found
that, "Letting weak friendships go was hard, but I also got support I did not
expect from people at work and in church."
On the job or where you volunteer, people may not understand about cancer and
your ability to perform while recovering from treatment. They may expect you to
"slack off" or think that your having had cancer means you are going to die soon.
Sometimes, fears and lack of knowledge result in unfair treatment. (See Employment
and Legal Rights.)
Getting Help With Issues Involving Friends and Coworkers
If you find that a friend or coworker's feelings about cancer are hurting you,
try to resolve the problem with that person face-to-face. If such efforts don't
help in the job setting, you may want to get help. Your manager, shop steward,
company medical department, employee assistance counselor, or personnel office
may be able to change coworkers' ideas, procedures, or the way your job fits in
with others' to lessen problems.
When hurtful remarks or actions get you down, talking to a friend, family member,
or counselor may help you deal with it. But if coworker attitudes get in the way
of your doing your job, it is a problem management needs to address.
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Tips: Relating to Others
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How do you relate to other people in your life after cancer treatment? Here
are some ideas that have helped others:
- Accept help. When friends or family offer to help, say yes, and
have in mind some things that would make your life easier. In this way, you
will get the support you need, and your loved ones will feel helpful. "When
I first started treatment, I had a lot of help," said one colon cancer
survivor. "So I felt bad asking my friends for more help when my treatment
ended. But I still really needed it, so I let them know."
- Address any problems that come up when you go back to work or school.
Your supervisor (or his or her supervisor), teacher, or coworkers may be able
to help those around you understand how you want to be treated as a cancer
survivor. If problems with others get in the way of your work or studies,
you may want to talk with your bosses, your union, the company's Human Resources
department, or the school's Student Affairs office.
- Keep up contacts during your recovery. Friends and coworkers will
worry about you. If they find out about your treatment and progress, they
will be less anxious and scared. Talk to them on the phone or send e-mail.
When you are able, have lunch with friends or stop in for an office party.
Your return to work or other activities will be easier for you and others
if you stay in touch.
- Plan what you'll say about your cancer. There is no "right" way
to deal with others about your illness, but you do need to think about what
you'll say when you're back on the job. Some cancer survivors don't want to
focus on their cancer or be linked in people's minds with the disease. Others
are very open about it, speaking frankly with the boss or other workers to
air concerns, correct wrong ideas, and decide how to work together. The best
approach is the one that feels right to you.
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